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KMID : 1156220190450010030
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Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
2019 Volume.45 No. 1 p.30 ~ p.41
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A Study on the Influence on Medical Care for the Elderly by Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone
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Jung En-Joo
Na Won-Woong
Lee Kyung-Eun
Jang Jae-Yeon
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Abstract
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Objectives: The effects of particulate matter and ozone on health are being reported in a number of studies. These effects are likely to be stronger on the elderly population, but studies in this regard are scarce. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of particulate matter ≤2.5 μm and ozone on the acute health status of the elderly population.
Methods: In order to analyze the health status of the elderly population, the NHIS-Senior Cohort data was used. In this study of people 60 years or older in Seoul, the number of outpatient visits and ER visits between 2002 and 2013 were calculated. Each disorder and the lag effect were analyzed separately. Particulate matter and ozone were analyzed using both the single exposure model and the adjusted multi-exposure model.
Results: In the single exposure analysis with PM2.5 as the exposure variable, with each increase of 10 μg/m 3 , the number of outpatient visits increased by 1.0081 times, vascular disease 1.0065 times, chronic pulmonary disease 1.0086 times, and diabetes 1.0055 times. In the multi-exposure model adjusting for ozone, the number of outpatient visits increased by 1.0066 times. There was a one-day lag effect and 1.0066 times increase between PM2.5 and ER visits in the multi-exposure model and 1.0057 times when adjusted for ozone (p value <0.10). There was a one-day lag effect in all multi-exposure models with ozone as the main variable, and when the particulate matter was adjusted, there was a one-day delay and 1.0143 times increase in ER visits.
Conclusions: In our study, an increase in the number of outpatient and ER visits in the elderly population in accordance with the increase in PM2.5 and ozone was found. The association found in our study could also produce a socioeconomic burden. Future studies need to be performed in regards to younger populations and other air pollutants.
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KEYWORD
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Aged, fine particulate matter, ozone, outpatient services, urgent care
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